9.18. Transformation Function Usage¶
9.18.1. Control Functions¶
9.18.1.1. try¶
Description: Execute another function - if it fails, instead use a default value
Usage: try($1, $2)
Example: try("1"::int, 0) = 1
Example: try("abcd"::int, 0) = 0
9.18.1.2. withDefault¶
Description: Replace a value with the first non-null alternative, if the value is null
Usage: withDefault($1, $2...)
Example: withDefault('foo', 'bar') = foo
Example: withDefault('foo', 'bar', 'baz') = foo
Example: withDefault(null, 'bar', 'baz') = bar
Example: withDefault(null, null, 'baz') = baz
9.18.1.3. require¶
Description: Throw an exception if the value is null, otherwise return the value
Usage: require($1)
Example: require('foo') = foo
Example: require(null) // throws an error
9.18.2. String Functions¶
9.18.2.1. strip¶
Description: Removes characters from the start or end of a string. Defaults to whitespace.
Usage: strip($1) or strip($1, $chars)
Examples: strip('afoob', 'abc') = foo
strip('foao', 'abc') = foao
strip('\t foo ') = foo
9.18.2.2. stripQuotes¶
Description: Remove double or single quotes from a the start or end of a string
Usage: stripQuotes($1)
Examples: stripQuotes('"foo"') = foo
stripQuotes('\'foo\'') = foo
stripQuotes('fo"o') = fo"o
9.18.2.3. stripPrefix¶
Description: Removes characters from the start of a string. Whitespace is preserved.
Usage: stripPrefix($1, $chars)
Examples: stripPrefix('afoob', 'abc') = foob
9.18.2.4. stripSuffix¶
Description: Removes characters from the end of a string. Whitespace is preserved.
Usage: stripSuffix($1, $chars)
Examples: stripSuffix('afoob', 'abc') = afoo
9.18.2.5. remove¶
Description: Removes a substring from a string
Usage: remove($1, $substring)
Examples: remove('foabco', 'abc') = foo
9.18.2.6. replace¶
Description: Replaces a literal string with another string
Usage: replace($1, $toReplace, $replacement)
Examples: replace('foobar', 'ob', 'ab') = foabar
9.18.2.7. length¶
Description: Returns the length of a string.
Usage: length($1)
Example: length('foo') = 3
9.18.2.8. trim¶
Description: Trim whitespace from around a string.
Usage: trim($1)
Example: trim(' foo ') = foo
9.18.2.9. capitalize¶
Description: Capitalize a string.
Usage: capitalize($1)
Example: capitalize('foo') = Foo
9.18.2.10. lowercase¶
Description: Lowercase a string.
Usage: lowercase($1)
Example: lowercase('FOO') = foo
9.18.2.11. uppercase¶
Description: Uppercase a string.
Usage: uppercase($1)
Example: uppercase('foo') = FOO
9.18.2.12. regexReplace¶
Description: Replace a given pattern with a target pattern in a string.
Usage: regexReplace($regex, $replacement, $1)
Example: regexReplace('foo'::r, 'bar', 'foobar') = barbar
9.18.2.13. concatenate¶
Description: Concatenate two strings.
Usage: concatenate($0, $1)
Example: concatenate('foo', 'bar') = foobar
9.18.2.14. substring¶
Description: Return the substring of a string.
Usage: substring($1, $startIndex, $endIndex)
Example: substring('foobarbaz', 2, 5) = oba
9.18.2.15. toString¶
Description: Convert another data type to a string.
Usage: toString($0)
Example: concatenate(toString(5), toString(6)) = '56'
9.18.2.16. emptyToNull¶
Description: Replace an empty string with null. Useful for setting optional attributes from delimited
text files, where inputs will never be null.
Usage: emptyToNull($0)
Example: emptyToNull('') = null
9.18.2.17. printf¶
Description: Format custom strings. As an implementation detail, this function delegates to Java’s String formatting classes.
Usage: printf('patterns', $arg1, $arg2, ...)'
- Examples:
printf('%s-%s-%sT00:00:00.000Z', '2015', '01', '01') = '2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z' printf('%2f', divide(-1, 2, 3)) = '-0.17'
9.18.3. Date Functions¶
The following table summarizes the predefined date formats by name. For dates that don’t match any of these
formats, a custom format can be used with the date function. secsToDate and millisToDate can be used
for parsing intervals since the Java epoch. See below for full descriptions of each function.
Function |
Format |
Example |
|---|---|---|
basicIsoDate |
|
20150101 |
isoDate |
|
2015-01-01 |
isoLocalDate |
|
2015-01-01 |
basicDateTimeNoMillis |
|
20150101T000000Z |
basicDateTime |
|
20150101T000000.000Z |
isoDateTime |
|
2015-01-01T00:00:00 |
isoLocalDateTime |
|
2015-01-01T00:00:00 |
isoOffsetDateTime |
|
2015-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dateHourMinuteSecondMillis |
|
2015-01-01T00:00:00.000 |
dateTime |
|
2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z |
9.18.3.1. now¶
Description: Use the current system time.
Usage: now()
9.18.3.2. date¶
Description: Custom date parser. The date format is defined by the Java 8 DateTimeFormatter class.
Usage: date($format, $1)
Example:
date('yyyy-MM-dd\\'T\\'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS', '2015-01-01T00:00:00.000000')
9.18.3.3. basicIsoDate¶
Description: A date format for yyyyMMdd, equivalent to java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.BASIC_ISO_DATE.
Usage: basicIsoDate($1)
Example: basicIsoDate('20150101')
9.18.3.4. isoDate¶
Description: A date format for yyyy-MM-dd, equivalent to java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE.
Usage: isoDate($1)
Example: isoDate('2015-01-01')
9.18.3.5. basicDateTime¶
Description: A date format that combines a basic date and time for yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss.SSSZ.
Usage: basicDateTime($1)
Example: basicDateTime('20150101T000000.000Z')
9.18.3.6. basicDateTimeNoMillis¶
Description: A basic format that combines a basic date and time with no
millis for format yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmssZ.
Usage: basicDateTimeNoMillis($1)
Example: basicDateTimeNoMillis('20150101T000000Z')
9.18.3.7. dateTime¶
Description: A strict ISO 8601 Date parser for format
yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ.
Usage: dateTime($1)
Example: dateTime('2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z')
9.18.3.8. dateHourMinuteSecondMillis¶
Description: Formatter for full date, and time keeping the first 3
fractional seconds for format yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS.
Usage: dateHourMinuteSecondMillis($1)
Example: dateHourMinuteSecondMillis('2015-01-01T00:00:00.000')
9.18.3.9. isoDateTime¶
Description: A date format for yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss, equivalent to
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME.
Usage: isoDateTime($1)
Example: isoDateTime('2015-01-01T00:00:00')
9.18.3.10. isoLocalDate¶
Description: A date format for yyyy-MM-dd, equivalent to java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE.
Usage: isoLocalDate($1)
Example: isoLocalDate('2015-01-01')
9.18.3.11. isoLocalDateTime¶
Description: A date format for yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss, equivalent to
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME.
Usage: isoLocalDateTime($1)
Example: isoLocalDateTime('2015-01-01T00:00:00')
9.18.3.12. isoOffsetDateTime¶
Description: A date format for yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ, equivalent to
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME.
Usage: isoOffsetDateTime($1)
Example: isoOffsetDateTime('2015-01-01T00:00:00Z')
9.18.3.13. millisToDate¶
Description: Create a new date from a long representing milliseconds since January 1, 1970.
Usage: millisToDate($1)
Example: millisToDate('1449675054462'::long)
9.18.3.14. secsToDate¶
Description: Create a new date from a long representing seconds since January 1, 1970.
Usage: secsToDate($1)
Example: secsToDate(1449675054)
9.18.3.15. dateToString¶
Description: Formats a date as a string, based on a pattern as defined by Java’s DateTimeFormatter.
Usage: dateToString($pattern, $date)
Example: dateToString('yyyy-MM-dd\\'T\\'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS', now())
9.18.3.16. dateToMillis¶
Description: Converts a date to milliseconds since the Java epoch (January 1, 1970).
Usage: dateToMillis($date)
Example: dateToMillis(now())
9.18.4. Geometry Functions¶
9.18.4.1. point¶
Description: Parse a Point geometry from lon/lat/z/m, WKT or WKB. To create a point with measure but no z,
use pointM.
Usage: point($lon, $lat), point($lon, $lat, $z), point($lon, $lat, $z, $m) or point($wkt)
Note: Ordering is important here…GeoMesa defaults to longitude first
Example: Parsing lon/lat from JSON:
Parsing lon/lat
# config
{ name = "lon", json-type="double", path="$.lon" }
{ name = "lat", json-type="double", path="$.lat" }
{ name = "geom", transform="point($lon, $lat)" }
# data
{
"lat": 23.9,
"lon": 24.2,
}
Example: Parsing lon/lat from text without creating lon/lat fields:
# config
{ name = "geom", transform="point($2::double, $3::double)" }
# data
id,lat,lon,date
identity1,23.9,24.2,2015-02-03
Example: Parsing WKT as a point
# config
{ name = "geom", transform="point($2)" }
# data
ID,wkt,date
1,POINT(2 3),2015-01-02
9.18.4.2. pointM¶
Description: Parse a Point geometry from lon/lat and measure
Usage: pointM($lon, $lat, $measure)
Example: pointM(10::double,20::double,30::double)
9.18.4.3. multipoint¶
Description: Parse a multi-point from a WKT string, WKB byte array, or two lists of coordinates.
Usage: multipoint($0)
Example: multipoint('MULTIPOINT ((10 40), (40 30), (20 20), (30 10))')
Example: multipoint(list(10,40,20,30),list(40,30,20,10))
9.18.4.4. linestring¶
Description: Parse a linestring from a WKT string, WKB byte array, or two lists of coordinates.
Usage: linestring($0)
Example: linestring('LINESTRING(102 0, 103 1, 104 0, 105 1)')
Example: linestring(list(102,103,104,105),list(0,1,0,1))
9.18.4.5. multilinestring¶
Description: Parse a multi-linestring from a WKT string or WKB byte array.
Usage: multilinestring($0)
Example: multilinestring('MULTILINESTRING ((10 10, 20 20, 10 40), (40 40, 30 30, 40 20, 30 10))')
9.18.4.6. polygon¶
Description: Parse a polygon from a WKT string or WKB byte array.
Usage: polygon($0)
Example: polygon('POLYGON ((30 10, 40 40, 20 40, 10 20, 30 10))')
9.18.4.7. multipolygon¶
Description: Parse a multi-polygon from a WKT string or WKB byte array.
Usage: multipolygon($0)
Example: multipolygon('MULTIPOLYGON (((30 20, 45 40, 10 40, 30 20)), ((15 5, 40 10, 10 20, 5 10, 15 5)))')
9.18.4.8. geometrycollection¶
Description: Parse a geometry collection from a WKT string or WKB byte array.
Usage: geometrycollection($0)
Example: geometrycollection('GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POINT(4 6),LINESTRING(4 6,7 10))')
9.18.4.9. geometry¶
Description: Parse a geometry from a WKT string or WKB byte array.
Usage: geometry($0)
Example: Parsing WKT as a geometry
# config
{ name = "geom", transform="geometry($2)" }
# data
ID,wkt,date
1,POINT(2 3),2015-01-02
2,"LINESTRING(102 0, 103 1, 104 0, 105 1)",2015-01-03
9.18.4.10. projectFrom¶
Description: Project a geometry from its native CRS to EPSG:4326. GeoMesa only supports EPSG:4326, so geometries must be transformed when ingesting from another CRS.
Usage: projectFrom('EPSG:3857',$0)
Example: Reprojecting a parsed point from EPSG:3857 to EPSG:4326:
# config
{ name = "geom", transform="projectFrom('EPSG:3857',point($2::double, $3::double))" }
# data
id,x,y,date
identity1,1689200.14,1113194.91,2015-02-03
9.18.5. ID Functions¶
9.18.5.1. stringToBytes¶
Description: Converts a string to a UTF-8 byte array (to pass to other functions like md5()).
Usage: stringToBytes($0)
Example: stringToBytes('row,of,data')
9.18.5.2. md5¶
Description: Creates an MD5 hash from a byte array.
Usage: md5($0)
Example: md5(stringToBytes('row,of,data'))
9.18.5.3. murmur3_32¶
Description: Creates a 32-bit murmur3 hash from a string.
Usage: murmur3_32($0)
Example: murmur3_32('row,of,data')
9.18.5.4. murmur3_64¶
Description: Creates a 64-bit murmur3 hash from a string. Note that previously this function was incorrectly
named murmur3_128, and can still be invoked by that name.
Usage: murmur3_64($0)
Example: murmur3_64('row,of,data')
9.18.5.5. murmurHash3¶
Description: Creates a 128-bit murmur3 hash from a string or byte array, returned as a hex string.
Usage: murmurHash3($0)
Example: murmurHash3('row,of,data')
9.18.5.6. uuid¶
Description: Generates a random UUID.
Usage: uuid()
9.18.5.7. uuidZ3¶
Description: Generates a Z3-based UUID for point geometries.
Usage: uuidZ3($geom, $date, $interval)
Example: uuidZ3(point('POINT (3 2)'), dateTime('2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'), 'week')
See Configuring Z-Index Time Interval for details on Z3 intervals.
9.18.5.8. uuidZ3Centroid¶
Description: Generates a Z3-based UUID for non-point geometries.
Usage: uuidZ3Centroid($geom, $date, $interval)
Example: uuidZ3Centroid(linestring('LINESTRING(102 0, 103 1, 104 0, 105 1)', dateTime('2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'), 'week')
See Configuring Z-Index Time Interval for details on Z3 intervals.
9.18.6. Type Conversions¶
9.18.6.1. ::int or ::integer¶
Description: Converts a string into an integer. Invalid values will cause the record to fail.
Example: '1'::int = 1
9.18.6.2. ::long¶
Description: Converts a string into a long. Invalid values will cause the record to fail.
Example: '1'::long = 1L
9.18.6.3. ::float¶
Description: Converts a string into a float. Invalid values will cause the record to fail.
Example: '1.0'::float = 1.0f
9.18.6.4. ::double¶
Description: Converts a string into a double. Invalid values will cause the record to fail.
Example: '1.0'::double = 1.0d
9.18.6.5. ::boolean¶
Description: Converts a string into a boolean. Invalid values will cause the record to fail.
Example: 'true'::boolean = true
9.18.6.6. ::r¶
Description: Converts a string into a Regex object.
Example: 'f.*'::r = f.*: scala.util.matching.Regex
9.18.6.7. toInt or toInteger¶
Description: Converts a value into a integer. If the conversion fails, returns null unless a default value is defined.
Usage: toInt($1, $2)
Example: toInt('1', 0) = 1
Example: toInt('', 0) = 0
Example: toInt('') = null
9.18.6.8. toLong¶
Description: Converts a value into a long. If the conversion fails, returns null unless a default value is defined.
Usage: toLong($1, $2)
Example: toLong('1', 0L) = 1L
Example: toLong('', 0L) = 0L
Example: toLong('') = null
9.18.6.9. toFloat¶
Description: Converts a value into a float. If the conversion fails, returns null unless a default value is defined.
Usage: toFloat($1, $2)
Example: toFloat('1.0', 0.0f) = 1.0f
Example: toFloat('not a float', 0.0f) = 0.0f
Example: toFloat('') = null
9.18.6.10. toDouble¶
Description: Converts a value into a double. If the conversion fails, returns null unless a default value is defined.
Usage: toDouble($1, $2)
Example: toDouble('1.0', 0.0) = 1.0d
Example: toDouble(null, 0.0) = 0.0d
Example: toDouble('') = null
9.18.6.11. toBoolean¶
Description: Converts a value into a boolean. If the conversion fails, returns null unless a default value is defined. If the input is a number, it will evaluate to false if it is equal to zero, and true otherwise.
Usage: toBoolean($1, $2)
Example: toBoolean('true', false) = true
Example: toBoolean('foo', false) = false
Example: toBoolean('') = null
9.18.6.12. intToBoolean¶
Description: Converts an integer to boolean. Follows the normal rules of conversion, where 0 is false and all other values are true.
Usage: intToBoolean($1)
Example: intToBoolean(1) = true
Example: intToBoolean(0) = false
9.18.7. Math Functions¶
Usage:
The arguments to a math functions must be numbers - Integers, Doubles, Floats, Longs or numeric Strings.
All math functions return Doubles. If another data type is needed, convert the value afterwards,
e.g. add($1,$2)::long
Math functions accept multiple arguments, or will accept a single java.util.List containing the arguments.
Example:
{ name = "value3", transform = "add($value1, multiply($value2, 1.2))::double" }
9.18.7.1. add¶
Description: Adds two or more values.
Example: add($1,$2)
Example: add($1,$2,"10")
Example: add(list(1,2,3))
9.18.7.2. subtract¶
Description: Subtracts two or more values sequentially.
Example: subtract($1,$2)
Example: subtract($1,$2,1.0f) is equivalent to ($1 - $2) - 1.0f
Example: subtract(list(3,1))
9.18.7.3. multiply¶
Description: Multiply two or more values.
Example: multiply($1,$2)
Example: multiply($1,$2,0.01d)
Example: multiply(list(3,2))
9.18.7.4. divide¶
Description: Divides two or more values sequentially.
Example: divide($1,$2)
Example: divide($1,$2,"15") is equivalent to ($1/$2)/"15"
Example: divide(list(3,2))
9.18.7.5. mean¶
Description: Takes the mean (average) of two or more numbers.
Example: mean($1,$2,$3)
Example: mean(list(1,2,3))
9.18.7.6. min¶
Description: Finds the minimum of two or more numbers.
Example: min($1,$2,$3)
Example: min(list(1,2,3))
9.18.7.7. max¶
Description: Finds the maximum of two or more numbers.
Example: max($1,$2,$3)
Example: max(list(1,2,3))
9.18.8. List and Map Functions¶
9.18.8.1. list¶
Description: Creates a list from the input arguments
Example: list(1,2,3)
9.18.8.2. listItem¶
Description: Selects an element out of a list
Example: listItem(list('1','2','3'),0)
9.18.8.3. mapValue¶
Description: Read a value out of a map instance by key
Example: mapValue($map,'key')
9.18.8.4. parseList¶
Description: Parse a List[T] type from a string.
If your SimpleFeatureType config contains a list or map you can easily
configure a transform function to parse it using the parseList
function which takes either 2 or 3 args
The primitive type of the list (int, string, double, float, boolean, etc)
The reference to parse
Optionally, the list delimiter (defaults to a comma)
Here’s some sample CSV data:
ID,Name,Age,LastSeen,Friends,Lat,Lon
23623,Harry,20,2015-05-06,"Will, Mark, Suzan",-100.236523,23
26236,Hermione,25,2015-06-07,"Edward, Bill, Harry",40.232,-53.2356
3233,Severus,30,2015-10-23,"Tom, Riddle, Voldemort",3,-62.23
For example, an SFT may specific a field:
{ name = "friends", type = "List[String]" }
And a transform to parse the quoted CSV field:
{ name = "friends", transform = "parseList('string', $5)" }
9.18.8.5. parseMap¶
Description: Parse a Map[T,V] type from a string.
Parsing Maps is similar. Take for example this CSV data with a quoted map field:
1,"1->a,2->b,3->c,4->d",2013-07-17,-90.368732,35.3155
2,"5->e,6->f,7->g,8->h",2013-07-17,-70.970585,42.36211
3,"9->i,10->j",2013-07-17,-97.599004,30.50901
Our field type is:
numbers:Map[Integer,String]
Then we specify a transform:
{ name = "numbers", transform = "parseMap('int -> string', $2)" }
Optionally we can also provide custom list/record and key-value delimiters for a map:
{ name = "numbers", transform = "parseMap('int -> string', $2, '->', ',')" }
9.18.8.6. transformListItems¶
Description: Applies a transform expression to every element of a list
Example: transformListItems(list('1','2','3'),'stringToDouble($0)')
The expression to apply must be defined as a string. In the example shown, the list will be converted
from List[String] to List[Double].
9.18.9. Encoding Functions¶
9.18.9.1. base64Encode¶
Description: Encodes a byte array as a base-64 URL-safe string. This function can also be invoked as base64,
but that name has been deprecated and will be removed in future versions.
Usage: base64Encode($0)
Example: base64Encode(stringToBytes('foo'))
9.18.9.2. base64Decode¶
Description: Decodes a base-64 URL-safe encoded string into a byte array.
Usage: base64Decode($0)
Example: base64Decode('Zm9v')
9.18.10. State Functions¶
9.18.10.1. inputFilePath¶
Description: provides the absolute path to the file being operated on, if available
Example: $inputFilePath
The file path is a variable, referenced through $ notation.
The file path may not always be available, depending on how the converter is being invoked. When invoked through the GeoMesa command-line tools or GeoMesa NiFi, it will be set appropriately.
9.18.10.2. lineNo¶
Description: provides the current line number in the file being operated on, if available
Example: lineNo()
The line number may not always be available, depending on the converter being used. For some converters, line number may be an abstract concept. For example, in the Avro converter line number will refer to the number of the Avro record in the file.
9.18.11. Enrichment Functions¶
9.18.11.1. cacheLookup¶
Description: Looks up a value from a cache
Usage: cacheLookup(<cacheName>, <entityKey>, <attributeKey>)
Example: cacheLookup('test', $id, 'name')