14.4. Accumulo Command-Line Tools

The GeoMesa Accumulo distribution includes a set of command-line tools for feature management, ingest, export and debugging.

To install the tools, see Setting up the Accumulo Command Line Tools.

Once installed, the tools should be available through the command geomesa-accumulo:

$ geomesa-accumulo
INFO  Usage: geomesa-accumulo [command] [command options]
  Commands:
    ...

Commands that are common to multiple back ends are described in Command-Line Tools. The commands here are Accumulo-specific.

14.4.1. General Arguments

Most commands require you to specify the connection to Accumulo. This generally includes a username and password (or Kerberos keytab file). Specify the username and password with --user and --password (or -u and -p). In order to avoid plaintext passwords in the bash history and process list, the password argument may be omitted, in which case it will be prompted for instead.

To use Kerberos authentication instead of a password, use --keytab with a path to a Kerberos keytab file containing an entry for the specified user. Since a keytab file allows authentication without any further constraints, it should be protected appropriately.

If the necessary environment variables are set (generally as part of the install process), the tools should connect automatically to the Accumulo instance. To specify the connection instead, use --instance-name and --zookeepers (or -i and -z).

The --auths and --visibilities arguments correspond to the AccumuloDataStore parameters geomesa.security.auths and geomesa.security.visibilities, respectively. See Authorizations and Accumulo Visibilities for more information.

The --mock argument can be used to run against a mock Accumulo instance, for testing. In particular, this can be useful for verifying ingest converters.

14.4.2. Commands

14.4.2.1. add-index

Add or update indices for an existing feature type. This can be used to upgrade-in-place, converting an older index format into the latest. See Upgrading Existing Indices for more information.

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-f, --feature-name *	The name of the schema
--index *	The name of the index to add (z2, z3, etc)
-q, --cql	A filter to apply for back-filling data
--no-back-fill	Skip back-filling data

The --index argument specifies the index to add. It must be the name of one of the known index types, e.g. z3 or xz3. See Index Overview for available indices.

By default, the command will launch a map/reduce job to populate the new index with any existing features in the schema. For large data sets, this may not be desired. The --no-back-fill argument can be used to disable index population entirely, or --cql can be used to populate the index with a subset of the existing features.

When running this command, ensure that the appropriate authorizations and visibilities are set. Otherwise data might not be back-filled correctly.

14.4.2.2. add-attribute-index

Add an index on an attribute. Attributes can be indexed individually during schema creation; this command can add a new index in an existing schema. See Attribute Index for more information on indices.

This command is a convenience wrapper for launching the map/reduce job described in Attribute Indexing.

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-f, --feature-name *	The name of the schema
-a, --attributes *	Attribute(s) to index, comma-separated
--coverage *	Type of index, either join or full

For a description of index coverage, see Attribute Indices.

14.4.2.3. compact

Incrementally compact tables for a given feature type. Compactions in Accumulo will merge multiple data files into a single file, which has the side effect of permanently deleting rows which have been marked for deletion. Compactions can be triggered through the Accumulo shell; however queuing up too many compactions at once can impact the performance of a cluster. This command will handle compacting all the tables for a given feature type, and throttle the compactions so that only a few are running at one time.

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-f, --feature-name *	The name of the schema
--threads	Number of ranges to compact simultaneously, by default 4
--from	How long ago to compact data, based on the default date attribute, relative to current time. E.g. ‘1 day’, ‘2 weeks and 1 hour’, etc
--duration	Amount of time to compact data, based on the default date attribute, relative to --from. E.g. ‘1 day’, ‘2 weeks and 1 hour’, etc
--z3-feature-ids	Indicates that feature IDs were written using the Z3FeatureIdGenerator. This allows optimization of compactions on the ID table, based on the configured time. See geomesa.feature.id-generator for more information

The --from and --duration parameters can be used to reduce the number of files that need to be compacted, based on the default date attribute for the schema. Due to table keys, this is mainly useful for the Z3 index, and the ID index when used with --z3-feature-ids. Other indices will typically be compacted in full, as they are not partitioned by date.

This command is particularly useful when using Feature Expiration, to ensure that expired rows are physically deleted from disk. In this scenario, the --from parameter should be set to the age-off period, and the --duration parameter should be set based on how often compactions are run. The intent is to only compact the data that may have aged-off since the last compaction. Note that the time periods align with attribute-based age-off; ingest time age-off may need a time buffer, assuming some relationship between ingest time and the default date attribute.

This command can also be used to speed up queries by removing entries that are duplicated or marked for deletion. This may be useful for a static data set, which will not be automatically compacted by Accumulo once the size stops growing. In this scenario, the --from and --duration parameters can be omitted, so that the entire data set is compacted.

14.4.2.4. configure-age-off

List, add or remove age-off on a given feature type. See Feature Expiration for more information.

Warning

Any manually configured age-off iterators should be removed before using this command, as they may not operate correctly due to the configuration name.

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-f, --feature-name *	The name of the schema
-l, --list	List any age-off configured for the schema
-r, --remove	Remove age-off for the schema
-s, --set	Set age-off for the schema (requires --expiry)
-e, --expiry	Duration before entries are aged-off(‘1 day’, ‘2 weeks and 1 hour’, etc)
--dtg	Use attribute-based age-off on the specified date field

The --list argument will display any configured age-off:

$ geomesa-accumulo configure-age-off -c test_catalog -f test_feature --list
INFO  Attribute age-off: None
INFO  Timestamp age-off: name:age-off, priority:10, class:org.locationtech.geomesa.accumulo.iterators.AgeOffIterator, properties:{retention=PT1M}

The --remove argument will remove any configured age-off:

$ geomesa-accumulo configure-age-off -c test_catalog -f test_feature --remove

The --set argument will configure age-off. This will remove any existing age-off configuration and replace it with the new specification. When using --set, --expiry must also be provided. --expiry can be any time duration string, specified in natural language.

If --dtg is provided, age-off will be based on the specified date-type attribute:

$ geomesa-accumulo configure-age-off -c test_catalog -f test_feature --set --expiry '1 day' --dtg my_date_attribute

Otherwise, age-off will be based on ingest time:

$ geomesa-accumulo configure-age-off -c test_catalog -f test_feature --set --expiry '1 day'

Warning

Ingest time expiration requires that logical timestamps are disabled in the schema. See Logical Timestamps for more information.

14.4.2.5. configure-stats

List, add or remove stat iterator configuration on a given catalog table. GeoMesa automatically configures an iterator on the summary statistics table (_stats). Generally this does not need to be modified, however if the Accumulo classpath is mis-configured, or data gets corrupted, it may be impossible to delete the table without first removing the iterator configuration.

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-l, --list	List any stats iterator configured for the catalog table
-r, --remove	Remove the stats iterator configuration for the catalog table
-a, --add	Add the stats iterator configuration for the catalog table

The --list argument will display any configured stats iterator.

The --remove argument will remove any configured stats iterator.

The --add argument will add the stats iterator.

14.4.2.6. configure-table

The command will list and update properties on the Accumulo tables used by GeoMesa. It has two sub-commands:

• list List the configuration options for a table
• update Update a given configuration option for a table

To invoke the command, use the command name followed by the subcommand, then any arguments. For example:

$ geomesa-accumulo configure-table list --catalog ...

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-f, --feature-name *	The name of the schema
--index *	The index table to examine/update (z2, z3, etc)
-k, --key	Property name to operate on (required for update sub-command)
-v, --value *	Property value to set (only for update sub-command)

The --index argument specifies the index to examine. It must be the name of one of the known index types, e.g. z3 or xz3. See Index Overview for available indices. Note that not all schemas will have all index types.

The --key argument can be used during both list and update. For list, it will filter the properties to only show the one requested. For update, it is required as the property to update.

The --value argument is only used during update.

14.4.2.7. stats-analyze

This command will re-generate the cached data statistics maintained by GeoMesa. This may be desirable for several reasons:

• Stats are compiled incrementally during ingestion, which can sometimes lead to reduced accuracy
• Most stats are not updated when features are deleted, as they do not maintain enough information to handle deletes
• Errors or data corruption can lead to stats becoming unreadable

Argument	Description
-c, --catalog *	The catalog table containing schema metadata
-f, --feature-name *	The name of the schema

14.4.2.8. ingest-raster

Warning

GeoMesa raster support is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.

Ingest one or more raster image files into Geomesa. Input files, GeoTIFF or DTED, should be located on the local file system.

Warning

In order to ingest rasters, ensure that you install JAI and JLine as described under Setting up the Accumulo Command Line Tools.

Input raster files are assumed to have CRS of EPSG:4326. Non-EPSG:4326 files will need to be converted into EPSG:4326 raster files before ingestion. An example of doing conversion with GDAL is:

gdalwarp -t_srs EPSG:4326 input_file out_file

Argument	Description
-t, --raster-table *	Accumulo table for storing raster data
-f, --file *	A single raster file or a directly containing raster files to ingest
-F, --format	The format of raster files, which must match the file extension
-P, --parallel-level	Maximum number of local threads for ingesting multiple raster files
-T, --timestamp	Ingestion time (defaults to current time)
--write-memory	Memory allocation for ingestion operation
--write-threads	Numer of threads used for writing raster data
--query-threads	Number of threads used for querying raster data

Warning

When ingesting rasters from a directory, ensure that the --format argument matches the file extension of the files. Otherwise, no files will be ingested.

14.4.2.9. delete-raster

Delete ingested rasters.

Argument	Description
-t, --raster-table *	Accumulo table for storing raster data
--force	Delete without prompting for confirmation